Biosolids Management
Biosolids are stabilized solids from municipal wastewater treatment that meet federal criteria for land application. They are a good source of plant nutrients (particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and zinc). We have done research on nutrient availability from biosolids in dryland wheat rotations in eastern Washington and irrigated forage grasses in western Washington. We also have a biosolids and compost demonstration garden at WSU Puyallup. We have been partners in a national biosolids study designed to develop simple methods to predict the availability of nitrogen from different types of biosolids in different environments, and in a study assessing the fate of flame retardants in biosolids.
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Cogger, C.G., D.M. Sullivan, C.L. Henry, and K. P. Dorsey. 2000. Biosolids management guidelines for Washington State. Washington State Dept. Ecology Pub. #93-80. [online pdf, Request hard copy ]
Cogger, C.G. and D.M. Sullivan. 2007. Worksheet for calculating biosolids application in agriculture. PNW 511-E. Washington State University Cooperative Extension. [online pdf (2007), interactive web version (1999)]
Sullivan, D.M. 2007. Fertilizing with Biosolids. PNW 508-E. Oregon State University Extension Service. [online html or pdf]
Publications - Peer-reviewed Journals:
Cogger, C.G., Bary, A.I., D.M. Sullivan, and E.A. Myhre. 2004. Biosolids processing effects on first and second year available N. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68:162-167. [ request pdf e-copy ]
Gilmour, J.T., C.G. Cogger, L.W. Jacobs, G.K. Evanylo, and D.M. Sullivan. 2003. Decomposition and plant-available nitrogen in biosolids: Laboratory studies, field studies, and computer simulation. J. Environ. Qual. 32:1498-1507. [ request pdf e-copy. ]
Cogger, C.G., A.I Bary, S.C. Fransen, and D.M. Sullivan. 2001. Seven years of biosolids vs. inorganic nitrogen applications to tall fescue. J. Environ. Qual. 30:2188-2194. [ request pdf e-copy , abstract - html]
Cogger, C.G., T.A. Forge, and G.H. Neilsen, 2006. Biosolids recycling: Nitrogen management and soil ecology. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86:613-620. [ request pdf e-copy ]
Cogger, C.G., D.M. Sullivan, A.I. Bary, and S.C. Fransen. 1999. Nitrogen recovery from heat-dried and dewatered biosolids applied to forage grasses. J. Environ. Qual. 28:754-759. [refereed journal, abstract - html]
Cogger, C.G., D.M. Sullivan, A.I. Bary, and J.A. Kropf. 1998. Matching plant-available nitrogen from biosolids with dryland wheat needs. J. Prod. Agric. 11:41-47. [refereed journal, abstract - html]
Sullivan, D.M., S.C. Fransen, C.G. Cogger, and A.I. Bary. 1997. Biosolids and dairy manure as nitrogen sources for prairiegrass on a poorly drained soil. J. Prod. Agric. 10:589-596. [refereed journal, abstract - html]
Publications - Other Reports:
Cogger, C.G., A.I. Bary, D.M. Sullivan, and E.A. Myhre. 2003. Estimating nitrogen availability from biosolids. NW Biosolids Management Assoc. Seattle, WA. [short research note, online pdf]
Hummel, R., Krucker, M., and Cogger, C. 2003. Using Biosolids as Growing Media in Greenhouse Production of Chrysanthemums, WSU [Online html]
Sullivan, D.M., Bary, A.I., and Cogger, C.G. 2007. Agronomic biosolids application rates for dryland wheat across a range of Northwest climate zones. Proc. Western Nutrient Mgmt. Conf, 7: 188-193. Salt Lake City, UT. [online pdf]